OPEC members gathering in Vienna June 2 are expected to go along with a Saudi Arabia-led policy focused on squeezing out rivals amid signs the strategy is working. That means the meeting may be less fraught than the previous summit in December, which ended with public criticism of the Saudi position from Venezuela and Iran.
By allowing prices to fall, high-cost producers are being forced out, easing the supply glut and spurring a rally of 80 percent since January to about $50 a barrel. All but one of 27 analysts surveyed by Bloomberg said the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries will stick with the strategy. An alternative proposal — to freeze output — was finally rejected in Doha last month.
The group may also choose a secretary-general to replace Abdalla El-Badri, whose term has been extended after members failed to agree on a successor. In recent months, three new hopefuls have emerged to try and break the impasse: Nigeria’s Mohammed Barkindo, Indonesia’s Mahendra Siregar and Venezuela’s Ali Rodriguez.
Following are the latest comments from OPEC members and analysts. The respective shares of supply are based on April levels. The estimates for the price each member needs to balance its budget are from the International Monetary Fund unless stated otherwise.
ALGERIA
Price needed: $87.6 Share of OPEC production: 3.3 percent Algeria tried, and failed, last year to organize a meeting of non-OPEC/OPEC members to push for output cuts, as years of declining crude production and low prices weighed on its fiscal deficit. A freeze by producers is needed immediately to stabilize prices, Salah Khebri, minister of energy and mines, said in an interview mid-May. “Our main message to the next OPEC meeting is that it needs to restore unity and work for the benefit of all members collectively,” he said.
ANGOLA
Price needed: $93.14 (RBC Capital Markets) Share of OPEC production: 5.4 percent Angola is seeking an IMF loan as state revenue plunges. Its over-reliance on strong oil prices leaves savings and levels of inward investment ‘‘highly vulnerable’’ to swings in the global economy, Fitch unit BMI Research said in e-mailed report.
ECUADOR
Price needed: $75.16 (RBC Capital Markets) Share of OPEC production: 1.7 percent Ecuador supported an oil-output freeze at the Doha meeting. Minister Jose Icaza met with his Venezuelan counterpart before the summit to discuss prices and seek to agree on a unified position. Icaza became Ecuador’s new oil minister in early May following the resignation of Carlos Pareja.
INDONESIA
Unlike other OPEC members, Indonesia is still a net oil importer so the fiscal break-even concept is not applicable. Share of OPEC production: 2.2% Indonesia rejoined OPEC at the Dec. 4 meeting, seven years after suspending its membership. It will stick to its plan to increase oil output this year even if some of the world’s biggest producers move to cap production, Energy and Mineral Resources Minister Sudirman Said said in February.
IRAN
Price needed: $61.5 Share of OPEC production: 11 percent The Persian Gulf nation is rebuilding its energy industry and restoring crude sales after the lifting of international restrictions in January. Exports are already at 2 million barrels a day, just short of pre-sanctions levels, the IEA said in a recent monthly oil market report. The head of the state oil company said the country — a key advocate of output restraint in previous years — has no plans to join any output freeze as it remains focused on restoring exports.
IRAQ
Price needed: $59.7 Share of OPEC production: 13 percent Production has jumped more than 40 percent since mid-2014 and exports are at near-record levels. But plunging government revenue is hampering the state’s ability to invest, and OPEC’s second-biggest crude producer is reaching the limits of its capacity to store and export oil, according to analysts at Energy Aspects Ltd. and FGE. Oil Minister Adel Abdul Mahdi resigned in February amid ongoing political turmoil, his duties are being carried out by Fayyad Al-Nima.
KUWAIT
Price needed: $52.1 Share of OPEC production: 8.7 percent Kuwait plans to boost oil production to more than 3 million barrels a day within months, doubling output from where it stood during April’s oil-worker strike. Kuwait’s acting Oil Minister Anas Al-Saleh, said on May 18 that OPEC’s policy “has been working well.”
LIBYA
Price needed: $195.2 Share of OPEC production: 0.9 percent OPEC’s smallest producer. Competing administrations of Libya’s state-run National Oil Corp. in the east and west of the divided country agreed May 17 to resume exports from Hariga port to help revive production, which has dropped 80 percent since the 2011 uprising that ousted Muammar Qaddafi. It isn’t clear if it will send anyone to the meeting; it didn’t attend the Doha freeze talks in April.
NIGERIA
Price needed: $104.49 (RBC Capital Markets) Share of OPEC production: 5.1 percent A resurgence in militant attacks in Nigeria’s oil-producing region has cut output to the lowest in 27 years, helping buoy global prices. An armed group calling itself the Niger Delta Avengers has warned of more attacks to come.
QATAR
Price needed: $52.4 Share of OPEC production: 2 percent Mohammed Al Sada, Qatar’s minister of energy and industry who is also president of OPEC, said global demand is catching up with supply and the market should see a “rebalancing” in the second half of the year as cheaper crude has forced some production to close. Qatar is expected to swing into a budget deficit this year, according to the IMF.
SAUDI ARABIA
Price needed: $66.7 Share of OPEC production: 31 percent Saudi Arabia will probably keep producing crude at near-record levels under new Energy Minister Khalid Al-Falih, an ally of Deputy Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman. Prince Mohammed scuppered the oil-freeze plan, and Al-Falih’s appointment points to an “exceedingly high probability that there will be no Saudi agreement to freeze let alone cut production,” analysts including Ed Morse said in an e-mailed note dated May 9.
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
Price needed: $71.8 Share of OPEC production: 8.9 percent U.A.E. still supports stability in the oil market, said Matar al Neyadi, the undersecretary of the energy ministry.
VENEZUELA
Price needed: $121.06 (RBC Capital Markets) Share of OPEC production: 7.4 percent Venezuela is one of the so-called Fragile Five OPEC members most at risk from significant instability amid the turmoil in prices, according to RBC Capital Markets LLC. Energy Minister Eulogio Del Pino was one of the most ardent advocates of the failed production-freeze agreement. While the country’s economy remains in critical condition, Caracas is probably resigned to the course set by Riyadh, said Jason Bordoff, director of the Center on Global Energy Policy at Columbia University in New York.
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