Oil depots in the north and north-east are among those at high or medium risk of causing a major environmental accident because safety measures have not been fully implemented.
Inspectors from the Scottish Environment Protection Agency (Sepa) found none of the nine depots in Scotland fully complied with recommendations put forward after the explosion and fire at the Buncefield fuel depot in Hertfordshire in 2005.
Among the nine depots, BP in Inverness, GB Oils at Lerwick, Simpson Oils at Scrabster and Nustar at Grangemouth were considered to be in a poor condition, and at high risk of causing a major environmental accident if there was an oil or fuel leak from a storage tank.
The Buncefield disaster happened after fuel overflowed from a storage tank and a vapour cloud ignited.
More than 40 people were injured in the blast and subsequent fire, which burned for several days and caused hundreds of millions of pounds of damage.
Following inspections late last year at Scotland’s nine Buncefield-type sites, Sepa reports revealed that BP Aberdeen, Ineos Grangemouth and Ineos Finnart in Argyll were at medium risk of causing an environmental accident.
Elsewhere, Shell Mossmorran in Fife and Nustar Clydebank were classed as being at low risk.
The companies that run the sites have until tomorrow to submit plans on how they will bring standards up to scratch.
The inspections looked at external bunds, which are designed to prevent any leakage from the tanks polluting the surrounding area, and how effective they were.
Problems at the sites included gaps and cracks in bund walls and pipes penetrating bund walls. There were also concerns that the capacity of bunds was not sufficient to contain all the contents of the tanks if they failed.
Sepa officials said the sites may have fallen short of the standards set out but there had been considerable improvements.
The nine Buncefield-type sites in Scotland are regulated under the Control of Major Accident Hazards (Comah) regulations, which are designed to reduce the likelihood and severity of major accidents.
Sepa’s Wendy Thornton said: “Securing improvements to prevent similar incidents at fuel storage depots has been, and continues to be, an important priority.
“Although none of the (Buncefield-type) establishments in Scotland has fully met the standards set out in Part B of the containment policy at this time, considerable work has already been carried out to improve safety at fuel storage sites and all the companies have made progress.”